Pain Neuroscience and Patient Education
Explain how you would use pain neuroscience education to help a patient with chronic low back pain who demonstrates fear avoidance and pain catastrophising. Include at least two outcome measures you would use to monitor progress.
Case 4: Lower Limb Tendinopathy
A 30-year-old recreational runner presents with gradually worsening pain at the Achilles tendon, worse with running, and morning stiffness. a. What is the likely diagnosis?b. List three risk factors relevant to this case.c. Describe your management plan, including load modification and exercise progression.
Case 3: Osteoarthritis
A 65-year-old female with knee pain worsening over 2 years, aggravated by weight-bearing, with morning stiffness lasting 15 minutes. a. What features support a diagnosis of knee osteoarthritis?b. Identify two activity or participation restrictions she may face.c. Propose a first-line management plan.
Case 2: Lateral Elbow Pain
A 42-year-old man develops pain over the lateral elbow after increasing his tennis practice. Pain is aggravated by gripping and resisted wrist extension. a. What is the most likely diagnosis?b. List two differential diagnoses and describe how you would distinguish them clinically.c. Outline your management approach, including education and exercise strategies.
Case 1: Low Back Pain
A 48-year-old woman presents with a 4-week history of low back pain, no trauma, and no neurological symptoms. She reports stiffness in the morning and pain with prolonged sitting and forward bending. a. What is the likely classification of her back pain?b. Outline your clinical reasoning process for assessment, including red flag screening and psychosocial […]
Management Principles
a. Outline the key components of evidence-based practice in physiotherapy.b. Why is a biopsychosocial approach important in managing chronic musculoskeletal conditions.
Pain Neuroscience
a. Explain the difference between nociceptive, neuropathic, and nociplastic pain, providing an example of each.b. What is pain catastrophising and how can it impact patient outcomes?
Tendinopathy
a. Describe the role of a tendon.b. List three intrinsic and three extrinsic risk factors for lower limb tendinopathy.
Osteoarthritis
a. Describe two modifiable and two non-modifiable risk factors for osteoarthritis.b. In your own words, what are the first-line treatments recommended for osteoarthritis management according to GLA:D guidelines?
Clinical Reasoning
a. What is clinical reasoning in physiotherapy?b. List four categories of hypotheses used in clinical reasoning and provide a brief example for each.
